How to Install Node.js and NPM (Package Manager)

Node.js is a powerful JavaScript runtime environment that enables developers to build scalable and high-performing web applications. Alongside Node.js is NPM (Node Package Manager), which provides a fast and easy way to manage external packages and dependencies. Installing both is essential for developers seeking to work with modern frontend and backend JavaScript technologies.

Why Use Node.js and NPM?

Node.js allows JavaScript to run outside the browser, making it perfect for server-side scripting. NPM is its companion tool, managing libraries and packages that simplify the development process. Together, they empower developers to create robust applications with reuse of community-driven code.

Step-by-Step Guide to Install Node.js and NPM

1. Check if Node.js is Already Installed

Before installing, open your terminal (Command Prompt or PowerShell on Windows, Terminal on macOS/Linux) and type:

node -v

If Node.js is already installed, this will return the version number. If not, continue with the installation steps below.

2. Download Node.js Installer

Visit the official Node.js website at https://nodejs.org. You’ll see two main download options:

• LTS (Long Term Support) – Recommended for most users who need a stable environment.
• Current – Includes the latest features, better suited for experimenting or using newer APIs.

Download the version that best suits your needs depending on your operating system: Windows, macOS, or Linux.

3. Install on Windows

1. Run the downloaded .msi file.
2. Follow the installation wizard. Ensure the checkbox for “Automatically install the necessary tools” is selected.
3. Once the installation is completed, open CMD and type:

   node -v

   npm -v

These commands should return version numbers, confirming a successful installation.

4. Install on macOS

While you can use the installer from the Node.js website, it’s often more efficient to use a version manager such as Homebrew. To install Node.js via Homebrew:

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

brew install node

Verify the installation using:

node -v

npm -v

5. Install on Linux

Use a terminal and update your package index:

sudo apt update

Then install Node.js and NPM:

sudo apt install nodejs npm -y

To confirm your installation, run:

node -v

npm -v

Managing Versions with Node Version Manager (nvm)

For developers working on different projects, it’s common to require multiple versions of Node.js. That’s where nvm comes in. It allows seamless switching between Node.js versions.

On macOS/Linux, install with:

curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.3/install.sh | bash

Then, load nvm and install Node.js:

nvm install node

nvm use node

Conclusion

Node.js and NPM are essential tools for modern JavaScript development. Whether building APIs, frontend build processes, or full-stack applications, a proper setup streamlines development workflow. Following this guide ensures developers are equipped with the right environment to start coding efficiently.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

• Q: What is the difference between Node.js and NPM?

  A: Node.js is a runtime environment for executing JavaScript on the server. NPM is a package manager used to install and manage third-party libraries and tools for Node.js.

• Q: Should I install the LTS or Current version of Node.js?

  A: LTS versions are recommended for stability and compatibility. Choose Current only if you need the latest features.

• Q: Can I install multiple Node.js versions?

  A: Yes, using tools like nvm you can switch between different versions as needed.

• Q: Do I need to restart my system after installation?

  A: Not usually, but restarting the terminal or Command Prompt is a good idea to ensure environment variables are loaded.